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Agreement on Social Security Between Canada and Romania

E105250 CANADA and ROMANIA Hereinafter referred to as “the Parties”, RESOLVED to co-operate in the field of social security, HAVE DECIDED to conclude an agreement for this purpose, and HAVE AGREED as follows:

Part I - GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 1

  1. For the purpose of this Agreement: “legislation” means, as regards a Party, the laws, regulations and statutory acts specified in Article 2; “benefit” means, as regards a Party, any cash benefit for which provision is made in the legislation of that Party and includes any supplements or increases applicable to such a cash benefit; “competent authority” means: as regards Canada the Minister or Ministers responsible for the application of the legislation of Canada; and, as regards Romania the ministry or ministries responsible for the legislation specified in Article 2; “competent institution” means: as regards Canada the competent authority; and, as regards Romania the body or authority responsible for applying the legislation specified in Article 2; “creditable period” means: as regards Canada, a period of contribution used to acquire the right to a benefit under the Canada Pension Plan; a period during which a disability pension is paid under that Plan; and a period of residence used to acquire the right to a benefit under the Old Age Security Act; and, as regards Romania periods of contribution and equivalent periods completed under the legislation of Romania.
  2. Any term not defined in this Article shall have the meaning assigned to it in the applicable law of either Party.

Article 2

Legislation to which the Agreement Applies

  1. This Agreement shall apply to the following legislation:
    1. with respect to Canada:
      1. the Old Age Security Act and the regulations made thereunder;
      2. the Canada Pension Plan and the regulations made thereunder;

      Article 3

      Persons to whom the Agreement Applies

      This Agreement shall apply to any person who is or who has been subject to the legislation of Canada or Romania and to persons who derive rights from such a person within the meaning of the applicable legislation of either Party.

      Article 4

      Equality of Treatment

      Any person described in Article 3 to whom the legislation of a Party applies shall have the same rights and obligations under that legislation as the citizens of that Party.

      Article 5

      Export of Benefits

      1. Unless otherwise provided in this Agreement, benefits paid under the legislation of a Party to any person described in Article 3, including benefits acquired by virtue of this Agreement, shall not be subject to any reduction, modification, suspension or cancellation by reason only of the fact that the person resides in the territory of the other Party.
      2. An allowance and a guaranteed income supplement shall be paid to a person who is outside Canada only to the extent permitted by the Old Age Security Act.
      3. Unless otherwise provided in this Agreement, benefits paid to a person described in Article 3 shall also be paid when that person resides in the territory of a third State.

      Part II - Provisions Concerning the Applicable Legislation

      Article 6

      General Rules Regarding Coverage for Employed and Self-Employed Persons

      Subject to Articles 7 to 10:

      1. An employed person who works in the territory of a Party shall, in respect of that work, be subject only to the legislation of that Party.
      2. A self-employed person who resides in the territory of a Party and who works for his or her own account in the territory of the other Party or in the territories of both Parties shall, in respect of that work, be subject only to the legislation of the first Party.

      Article 7

      Detachments

      1. An employed person who is subject to the legislation of a Party and who is sent to work in the territory of the other Party for the same employer shall, in respect of that work, be subject only to the legislation of the first Party as though that work was performed in its territory, for a period that may be maintained for up to 36 months.
      2. Pursuant to paragraph 1 of this Article, the period during which the employee is subject to the legislation of the first Party may be extended for an additional period of 24 months with the prior consent of the competent authorities of both Parties.

      Article 8

      Crews of Ships

      A person who, but for this Agreement, would be subject to the legislation of both Parties in respect of employment as a member of the crew of a ship shall, in respect of that employment, be subject only to the legislation of the Party where he or she resides.

      Article 9

      Civil Service and Government Employment

      1. Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement, the provisions regarding social security of the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations of 18 April 1961 and the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations of 24 April 1963 shall continue to apply.
      2. A person employed in government or civil service who is sent by a Party to work in the territory of the other Party shall, in respect of that employment, be subject only to the legislation of the first Party.
      3. Except as provided in paragraphs 1 and 2 of this Article, a person who resides in the territory of a Party and who is employed therein in government, civil service, a diplomatic mission or a consular post for the other Party shall, in respect of that employment, be subject only to the legislation of the first Party.

      Article 10

      Exceptions

      The competent authorities of the Parties may, by common agreement, modify the application of the provisions of Articles 6 to 9 to the benefit of any person or categories of persons.

      Article 11

      Definition of Certain Periods of Residence with Respect to the Legislation of Canada

      1. For the purpose of calculating the amount of benefits under the Old Age Security Act:
        1. if a person is subject to the Canada Pension Plan or to the comprehensive pension plan of a province of Canada during any period of presence or residence in Romania, that period shall be considered as a period of residence in Canada for that person; it shall also be considered to be a period of residence in Canada for that person's spouse or common-law partner and dependants who reside with him or her and who are not subject to the legislation of Romania by reason of employment or self-employment;
        2. if a person is subject to the legislation of Romania during any period of presence or residence in Canada, that period shall not be considered as a period of residence in Canada for that person; it shall also not be considered as a period of residence in Canada for that person's spouse or common-law partner and dependants who reside with him or her and who are not subject to the Canada Pension Plan or to the comprehensive pension plan of a province of Canada by reason of employment or self-employment.
        1. a person shall be considered to be subject to the Canada Pension Plan or to the comprehensive pension plan of a province of Canada during a period of presence or residence in Romania only if that person makes contributions pursuant to the plan concerned during that period by reason of employment or self-employment;
        2. a person shall be considered to be subject to the legislation of Romania during a period of presence or residence in Canada only if that person makes compulsory contributions pursuant to that legislation during that period by reason of employment or self-employment.

        Part III - Provisions Concerning Benefits

        Chapter 1 - Totalizing

        Article 12

        Periods under the Legislation of Canada and Romania

        1. If a person is not eligible for a benefit because he or she has not accumulated sufficient creditable periods under the legislation of a Party, the eligibility of that person for that benefit shall be determined by totalizing these periods and those specified in paragraphs 2 through 4, provided that the periods do not overlap.
        2. For the purpose of determining eligibility for a benefit:
          1. under the Old Age Security Act of Canada a creditable period under the legislation of Romania shall be considered as a period of residence in Canada;
          2. under the Canada Pension Plan, a calendar year including at least three months which are creditable periods under the legislation of Romania shall be considered as a year which is creditable under the Canada Pension Plan.
          1. a calendar year which is a creditable period under the Canada Pension Plan shall be considered as 12 months which are creditable under the legislation of Romania;
          2. a month which is a creditable period under the Old Age Security Act of Canada and which does not overlap with a creditable period under the Canada Pension Plan shall be considered as a month which is creditable under the legislation of Romania.

          For the purpose of determining eligibility for an invalidity, survivor's or death benefit under the legislation of Romania a calendar year which is a creditable period under the Canada Pension Plan shall be considered as 12 months which are creditable under the legislation of Romania.

          Article 13

          Periods under the Legislation of a Third State

          If a person is not eligible for a benefit on the basis of the creditable periods under the legislation of either Party, totalized as provided in Article 12, the eligibility of that person for that benefit shall be determined by totalizing these periods and periods completed under the legislation of a third State with which both Parties are bound by social security instruments which provide for the totalizing of periods. Only periods which can be considered under the totalizing provisions of the relevant instrument with that third State shall be taken into account.

          Article 14

          Minimum Period to be Totalized

          Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, if the total duration of the creditable periods accumulated under the legislation of a Party is less than one year and if, taking into account only those periods, no right to a benefit exists under the legislation of that Party, the competent institution of that Party shall not be required to pay a benefit in respect of those periods by virtue of this Agreement. These creditable periods shall, however, be taken into consideration by the competent institution of the other Party to determine eligibility for the benefits of that Party through the application of Chapter 1.

          Chapter 2 - Benefits Under the Legislation of CanadaARTICLE 15

          Benefits under the Old Age Security Act

          1. If a person is eligible for a pension or allowance under the Old Age Security Act solely through the application of the totalizing provisions of Chapter 1, the competent institution of Canada shall calculate the amount of the pension or allowance payable to that person in conformity with the provisions of that Act governing the payment of a partial pension or allowance, exclusively on the basis of the periods of residence in Canada which may be considered under that Act.
          2. Paragraph 1 shall also apply to a person outside Canada who would be eligible for a full pension in Canada but who has not resided in Canada for the minimum period required by the Old Age Security Act for the payment of a pension outside Canada.
          3. An Old Age Security pension shall be paid to a person who is outside Canada only if that person's periods of residence, when totalized as provided in Chapter 1, are at least equal to the minimum period of residence in Canada required by the Old Age Security Act for the payment of a pension outside Canada.

          Article 16

          Benefits under the Canada Pension Plan

          If a person is eligible for a benefit solely through the application of the totalizing provisions of Chapter 1, the competent institution of Canada shall calculate the amount of benefit payable to that person in the following manner:

          1. the earnings-related portion of the benefit shall be determined in conformity with the provisions of the Canada Pension Plan exclusively on the basis of the pensionable earnings under that Plan;
          2. the flat-rate portion of the benefit shall be determined by multiplying:
            1. the amount of the flat-rate portion of the benefit determined in conformity with the provisions of the Canada Pension Plan by
            2. the fraction which represents the ratio of the periods of contributions to the Canada Pension Plan in relation to the minimum qualifying period required under that Plan to establish eligibility for that benefit, but in no case shall that fraction exceed the value of one.

            Chapter 3 - Benefits Under the Legislation of Romania

            Article 17

            Calculating the Amount of Benefit Payable

            1. If a person is eligible for a benefit solely through the application of the totalizing provisions of Chapter 1, the competent institution of Romania shall calculate the amount of benefit payable to that person in the following manner:
              1. the theoretical amount of the benefit shall be calculated as if all the creditable periods were completed under the legislation of Romania; and
              2. on the basis of the theoretical amount calculated in accordance with sub-paragraph 1 (a), shall determine the amount of the benefit payable by applying the ratio of the length of the creditable periods under the legislation of Romania to the totalized creditable periods.

              Part IV - Administrative and Miscellaneous Provisions

              Article 18

              Administrative A greement

              1. An Administrative Agreement shall be concluded with a view to establishing the measures necessary for the application of this Agreement.
              2. The liaison bodies shall be designated in that Administrative Agreement.

              Article 19

              Exchange of Information and Mutual Assistance

              1. The competent authorities and institutions responsible for the application of this Agreement:
                1. shall, to the extent permitted by the legislation which they administer, communicate to each other any information necessary for the application of that legislation;
                2. shall lend their good offices and furnish assistance to one another for the purpose of determining eligibility for, or the amount of, any benefit under this Agreement, or under the legislation to which this Agreement applies, as if the matter involved the application of their own legislation;
                3. shall communicate to each other, as soon as possible, all information about the measures taken by them for the application of this Agreement or about changes in their respective legislation in so far as these changes affect the application of this Agreement.

                Article 20

                Exemption or Reduction of Taxes, Dues, Fees and Charges

                1. Any exemption from or reduction of taxes, legal dues, consular fees and administrative charges for which provision is made in the legislation of a Party in connection with the issuing of any certificate or document required to be produced for the application of that legislation shall be extended to certificates or documents required to be produced for the application of the legislation of the other Party.
                2. Any documents of an official nature required to be produced for the application of this Agreement shall be exempt from any authentication by diplomatic or consular authorities and similar formality.

                Article 21

                Language of Communication

                For the application of this Agreement, the competent authorities and institutions of the Parties may communicate directly with one another in any official language of either Party.

                Article 22

                Submitting a Claim, Notice or Appeal

                1. Claims, notices and appeals concerning eligibility for, or the amount of, a benefit under the legislation of a Party which should, for the purposes of that legislation, have been submitted within a prescribed period to a competent authority or competent institution of that Party, but which are submitted within the same period to a competent authority or competent institution of the other Party, shall be treated as if they had been submitted to the competent authority or competent i nstitution of the first Party. The date of submission of claims, notices and appeals to the competent authority or competent institution of the other Party shall be deemed to be the date of their submission to the competent authority or competent institution of the first Party. The competent authority or competent institution to which the claim, notice or appeal has been submitted shall transmit it without delay to the competent authority or competent institution of the other Party.
                2. The date that a claim for a benefit is submitted under the legislation of a Party shall be considered to be the date that a claim for a corresponding benefit is submitted under the legislation of the other Party, provided that the applicant at the time of application:
                  1. requests that it be considered a claim under the legislation of the other Party, or
                  2. provides information indicating that creditable periods have been completed under the legislation of the other Party.

                  The preceding sentence shall not apply if the applicant requests that his or her claim to the benefit under the legislation of the other Party be delayed.

                  Article 23

                  Payment of Benefits

                  1. The competent institution of a Party shall pay benefits under this Agreement to a beneficiary who resides outside its territory in a freely convertible currency.
                  2. A competent institution of a Party shall pay benefits under this Agreement without any deduction for its administrative expenses.

                  Article 24

                  Resolution of Difficulties

                  1. The competent authorities of the Parties shall resolve, to the extent possible, any difficulties which arise in interpreting or applying this Agreement according to its spirit and fundamental principles.
                  2. The Parties shall consult promptly at the request of either Party concerning matters which have not been resolved by the competent authorities in accordance with paragraph 1 of this Article.

                  Article 25

                  Understandings with a Province of Canada

                  The relevant authority of Romania and a province of Canada may conclude understandings concerning any social security matter within provincial jurisdiction in Canada in so far as those understandings are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Agreement.

                  Part V - Transitional and Final Provisions

                  Article 26

                  Transitional Provisions

                  1. Any creditable period completed before the date of entry into force of this Agreement shall be taken into account for the purpose of determining the right to a benefit under this Agreement and its amount.
                  2. No provision of this Agreement shall confer any right to receive payment of a benefit for a period before the date of entry into force of this Agreement.
                  3. Subject to paragraph 2 of this Article, a benefit, other than a lump sum payment, shall be paid under this Agreement in respect of events which happened before the date of entry into force of this Agreement.

                  Article 27

                  Duration and Termination

                  1. This Agreement shall remain in force without any limitation on its duration. It may be terminated at any time by either Party giving 12 months notice in writing to the other Party.
                  2. In the event of the termination of this Agreement, any right acquired by a person in accordance with its provisions shall be maintained and any claim submitted prior to its termination shall be considered in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement.

                  Article 28

                  Entry into Force

                  This Agreement shall enter into force on the first day of the fourth month following the month in which each Party shall have received from the other Party written notification that it has complied with all domestic requirements for the entry into force of this Agreement.

                  IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned, being duly authorized thereto, have signed this Agreement.

                  DONE in duplicate at Ottawa, this 19th day of November 2009, in the English, French and Romanian languages, each version being equally authentic.

                  Janice Charette
                  FOR CANADA

                  Bogdan Aurescu
                  FOR ROMANIA